Clinical Pharmacology General Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action
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چکیده
Cyanocobalamin occurs as dark red crystals or orthorhombic needles or crystalline red powder. It is very hygroscopic in the anhydrous form, and sparingly to moderately soluble in water (1:80). Its pharmacologic activity is destroyed by heavy metals (iron) and strong oxidizing or reducing agents (vitamin C), but not by autoclaving for short periods of time (15-20 minutes) at 121°C. The vitamin B12 coenzymes are very unstable in light. Nascobal Nasal Spray is a solution of Cyanocobalamin, USP (vitamin B12) for administration as a spray to the nasal mucosa. Each unit dose device of Nascobal Nasal Spray contains 0.125 mL of a 500 mcg/0.1mL solution of cyanocobalamin with sodium citrate, citric acid, glycerin and benzalkonium chloride in purified water. The spray solution has a pH between 4.5 and 5.5. Each spray delivers an average of 500 mcg of cyanocobalamin.
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